Modeling the effects of Carbon nanotubes added to diesel-biodiesel fuel blends on performance and emissions of a diesel engine using artificial neural network
ُSeyyed Hassan
Hosseini
دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
author
Ahmad
Taghizadeh-Alisaraei
- Department of Mechanical Biosystems, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
author
Barat
Ghobadian
Department of Mechanical Biosystems, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box Tehran, Iran,
author
ahmad
Abbaszadeh
Department of Mechanical Biosystems, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources
author
text
article
2017
per
Biodiesel and some nano-catalysts are an important additive to diesel fuel and can improve the engine performance and reduce emissions. In this study, biodiesel was added to pure diesel with ratios of 5 and 10 percent. Then, the carbon nanotubes were mixed as additive with these blends with concentrations of 30, 60, and 90 ppm to evaluate the performance, emissions, and vibration levels in a diesel engine. An ANN model, based on standard back-propagation learning algorithm for the engine, was developed. Multi-layer perception network (MLP) was used. The input or independent parameters were fuel blend, engine speed, fuel density, fuel viscosity, LHV, intake manifold pressure, fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, oxygen contained in exhaust gases, oil temperature, relative humidity and ambient air pressure. The target parameters were performance, emissions and RMS and Kurtosis of engine vibrations. The results showed that the specific fuel consumption and CO and UHC emissions decreased, while NOx emission increased. Also, the ANN model showed the training algorithm of back-propagation with 20-20 neurons in hidden layers (logsig-logsig) is able to predict different parameters with good performance and accuracy. The corresponding R-values for training, validation and testing were 0.9999, 0.9985 and 0.9994, respectively.
Fuel and Combustion
iranian combustion institute
2008-3629
10
v.
2
no.
2017
1
16
https://www.jfnc.ir/article_51829_c3de24dddd24d8f530cb17152c45c384.pdf
Effects of Important Parameters on Biodiesel Production using Heterogeneous Potassium Carbonate/Alumina Catalyst and Rapeseed Oil
elmira
yazdanian
University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran
author
Nooshin
Gholipour Zanjani
2- Department of Chemical Engineering, Standard Research Institute, Petrochemical Research Group, Alborz, Iran,
author
arash
kamran-pirzaman
mazandaran university of science and technology
author
text
article
2017
per
Biodiesel, due to its environmental benefits and similar properties with diesel, is considered as a fossil fuel alternative. Rapeseed oil is used to produce biodiesel in presence of K2CO3/Al2O3. For catalyst preparation K2CO3 was loaded on the Al2O3 as support using impregnation. Taguchi’s experimental setup was used in a completely randomized design with two replications for transesterification reaction and investigating the effects of reaction time, temperature and catalyst concentration on biodiesel production efficiency and to optimize the number of experiments. Also, molar ratio of 15 to 1 (alcohol:oil), catalyst concentrations of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 and 5 wt.%, reaction temperatures of 55, 65 and 75 °C, reaction times of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 hr. and stirring rate of 600 rpm was used for transesterification reaction. Highest biodiesel yield (99%) was obtained by transesterification process at 65 °C using 2 wt. % of K2CO3/Al2O3 for 2 hr. Comparing these results to other researcher’s results shows that the loading ratio of K2CO3 compared to KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 can increase the biodiesel production efficiency in alumina-based catalysts. Analysis of variance analysis with regard to catalyst, reaction time and temperature variables indicates that temperature changes have no significant effect on the efficiency of methyl ester production, but the effects of time and catalyst concentration on the reaction rate is quite significant.
Fuel and Combustion
iranian combustion institute
2008-3629
10
v.
2
no.
2017
17
27
https://www.jfnc.ir/article_53666_2afa2111661b2df744dbd006a64db791.pdf
Experimental determination of direct injection homogeneous charge compression ignition (DI-HCCI) combustion regime
Morteza
Fathi
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
author
امید
جهانیان
دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل
author
Davoud
Domiri Ganji
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
author
text
article
2017
per
Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is an advantageous combustion concept for internal combustion engines in terms of efficiency and pollutant emissions. However, the limited operating range of this combustion concept suppressed its successful utilization. One applicable method to use this combustion concept in engines is to combine it with other similar combustion strategies, such as diesel and partially premixed combustion (PPC), while each combustion concept come into work during its optimum operating range. In this study, the transition from partially premixed combustion (PPC) to homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion is determined based on investigating the performance and emission characteristics obtained from experimental data. The determination is based on the fact that in the direct-injection (DI) HCCI combustion, the stratification generated from the fuel injection is not an influencing factor. The results reveal that in the case of very early fuel injection timing (when the whole injection is completed before 60 crank angle degrees to top dead center) the HCCI combustion regime is obtained.
Fuel and Combustion
iranian combustion institute
2008-3629
10
v.
2
no.
2017
28
39
https://www.jfnc.ir/article_53993_6733694ca4f92aa7d727e8c9be6f587b.pdf
Effect of cobalt in activity reduction of close aluminums in the HZSM-5 framework and its role in enhancing light olefins production in Catalytic cracking of LPG fuel
سعید
عباسی زاده
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
رامین
کریم زاده
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس دانشکده شیمی
author
text
article
2017
per
In this investigation, HZSM-5 zeolite with AlCl3 as aluminum source were synthesized by hydrothermal method and modified with cobalt. HZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5 zeolites were used to investigate the product distribution in LPG fuel cracking. The prepared HZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5 catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET, XRF, NH3-TPD and Al MAS NMR analyses. The results of NH3-TPD showed that the acidity of Co/HZSM-5 zeolite was lower than HZSM-5. Aluminum distribution in the framework of HZSM-5 was determined by chemical analysis of XRF and reflectance UV-Visible analysis. The results indicated that the proportion of close Al atoms and single Al atoms in the zeolite framework was found to be 28.6% and 71.4%, respectively. The obtained olefin yield for Co/HZSM-5 (48.1%) was higher than HZSM-5 (45.4%) in catalytic cracking of LPG fuel. The yield of C5+ heavy products, the formed coke and deactivation rate for Co/HZSM-5 catalyst were lower than unmodified HZSM-5.
Fuel and Combustion
iranian combustion institute
2008-3629
10
v.
2
no.
2017
41
52
https://www.jfnc.ir/article_54043_7effd5d26160941af8529e768fd2aecb.pdf
Applying the Homogeneity Factor to Evaluate the Effects of Pilot Injection Characteristics on Air-Fuel Mixing Quality and Engine Performance in a Turbo-Charged High Speed Direct Injection (HSDI) Diesel Engine
Raouf
Mobasheri
University of Ayatollah ozma Boroujerdi
author
Mahdi
Seddiq
University of Ayatollah ozma Boroujerdi
author
text
article
2017
per
In current research, the simultaneous effects of pilot fuel quantity and pilot injection timing on air-fuel mixing process, engine performance and the amount of pollutant emissions have been investigated in a High Speed Direct Injection (HSDI) turbo-charged diesel engine. For this purpose, a modified parameter called “Homogeneity Factor (HF)” has been applied as a new measure for analyzing the air-fuel mixing process. The simulated results has been firstly compared with the experimental data and a very good agreement has been achieved for simulating the in-cylinder pressure, the heat release rate and the amount of pollutant emissions. The results show that the pilot fuel quantity is more effective on air-fuel mixing quality than pilot injection timing. By advancing the start of pilot injection timing, the maximum amount of Homogeneity Factor (HF) during pilot injection, is achieved at an earlier time. As a result, for earlier SOP timing, a sufficient mixing is available to achieve a more homogeneous at the time of ignition.
Fuel and Combustion
iranian combustion institute
2008-3629
10
v.
2
no.
2017
53
71
https://www.jfnc.ir/article_54057_99f262113d667d891f05e6e6760d7049.pdf
Numerical study of hydrogen and steam injection in order to reduce
Carbon monoxide production due to Carbon dioxide injection
into Oxidizer in Oxy-Fuel combustion
علی
اصغری
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
کیومرث
مظاهری
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
علیرضا
علی پور
دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
author
اسماعیل
ابراهیمی فردوئی
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
text
article
2017
per
Fuel and Combustion
iranian combustion institute
2008-3629
10
v.
2
no.
2017
73
91
https://www.jfnc.ir/article_54247_30809c7a1ceaffa38324e0f3378a76c2.pdf
Statistical optimization using central composite design for the oxidative dehydrogenation process of LPG fuel on Fe / HZSM-5 in the presence of external electric field
Amin
Alamdari
Tarbiat Modares University
author
Ramin
Karimzadeh
Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University
author
text
article
2017
per
The change in the Fermi level at the catalyst surface affects the catalytic activity. One way to change this level is to use an external electric field in the heterogeneous catalytic process. In this research, HZSM-5 was loaded with iron oxide and inserted in an external electric field with the proper strength for analyzing catalytic activity. This research is the first report presented for the synergistic effect of zeolite and external electric field to produce olefin, which has a higher activity than conventional methods. In a high voltage electric field, the energy band deviates, and the deviation of energy band increased the activity. The experimental design of the CCD was done using Design-Expert 7.3 software so that the relationship between the four process variables, namely: temperature, electrical current, the distance between the two electrodes, and the amount of metal load, are obtained. The square model was significant for response variables. The results indicate that the maximum yield (50.42%) can be resulted at 662.5 ° C, the intensity of the electric current input 3.67 mA, the distance between the two electrodes of 8 mm and the loading of the metal 6.7 3 wt.%.
Fuel and Combustion
iranian combustion institute
2008-3629
10
v.
2
no.
2017
93
112
https://www.jfnc.ir/article_54252_677af78b4fd1a825f1b1ef9ea52fcdf5.pdf